Monitoring

SEPA monitors and reports on the state of Scotland’s environment. We take thousands of samples every year from land, water and air to help assess the quality of our environment.

This raw data needs to be turned into useful information, and we complement our own activities with research commissioned from other organisations.

As well as influencing our decisions, from strategy to enforcement, information on environmental quality is reported to our stakeholders through publications and our website.

See below to find out more about the specific parts of Scotland's environment that SEPA monitors.

Air

Good air quality is essential for maintaining human health, habitats, the climate and for achieving the goal of sustainable development. SEPA monitors specific emissions to air from waste sites and agricultural activities and reports on changes and differences in air quality across the country. We also publish data on over 120 airborne pollutants via the Scottish Pollutant Release Inventory.

For more information, visit the Air section of this website.

Water

SEPA is responsible for monitoring Scottish groundwater, wetlands, rivers, lochs, estuaries and coastal waters. We use this information to identify where the environment is damaged by human activities. We carry out classification of the water environment and publish this information every year. We also monitor weather forecasts, rainfall, river level data and, if necessary, issue official flood warnings.

For more information, visit the Water section of this website.

Land

SEPA inspects and monitors industrial and agricultural activities to prevent pollution to Scotland’s land. SEPA monitors soil quality, which is important as it forms an essential part of the carbon cycle.

For more information, visit the Land section of this website.

Waste

More than 85% of the waste produced in Scotland is sent directly to landfill – a massive misuse of resources and a risk to the quality of the environment. SEPA monitors the amount and type of waste that is sent to landfill sites and also monitors business and industry to ensure that waste is disposed of in accordance with the conditions of waste management licences.

For more information, visit the Waste section of this website.

Radioactivity

SEPA’s main responsibility is to ensure that public exposure to sources of radioactivity in food and the environment from authorised discharges (eg nuclear power stations) does not go above international limits.

In order to do this, we monitor levels of radioactivity in food and the environment and identify people who are most likely to come into contact with radioactivity from discharges. We arrange for more than 1000 samples to be taken from around Scotland every year. We are not responsible for public exposure to radiation from natural sources or medical treatment.

SEPA has responsibility for managing Scottish interests in the Radioactive Incident Monitoring Network (RIMNET). This system, set up as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident, comprises 27 gamma dose rate monitors located throughout Scotland with the aim of providing an early response to nuclear accidents, both overseas and closer to home.

For more information, visit the Radioactive substances section of this website.