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3.1 Point source discharges
Table 6 Point source pressures by sector for all water bodies at risk in the Scotland river basin district
| |
Point Source |
| Sewage and Refuse Disposal |
721 |
| Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing |
154 |
| Manufacturing |
113 |
| Mining and quarrying |
77 |
| Transport and communications |
22 |
| Energy and water |
10 |
| Not identified |
10 |
| Other |
10 |
| Construction |
4 |
| Total |
1121 |
Figure 5 Percentage if point source pressures by sector for all water bodies at risk in the Scotland river basin district
Point source pollution, such as effluent from urban wastewater treatment plants, waste management sites, industrial discharges and fish farm operations, has been controlled in Scotland for many years and as a result we have a good understanding of the effects of such discharges.
Figure 5 shows a percentage breakdown of industrial sectors that are the source of point source discharge pressures. Two thirds of all point source pollution is associated with waste water treatment (sewage) and waste management sites (domestic and commercial refuse disposal).
Although point source discharge creates 1,121 individual pressures the objectives of the Directive are only put at risk in 472 different water bodies.
The category ‘other’ includes identified sectors that are not classified elsewhere. While the ‘not identified’ classification covers pressures where it has not been possible to identify the source or where the data is incomplete.
The following table illustrates (where data are available) three measures of the economics of water use for each of these sectors. GVA 2001 (Gross Value Added) is a measure of the value of the sector to the Scottish economy, value of use is presented in pence per cubic metre and volume of use in cubic metres per year. This information is calculated in different ways on the basis of available information meaning that the figures are not directly comparable. However, these values provide an indication of the significance of a sector to the Scottish economy.
Table 7 Contribution to the Scottish economy and value/volume of water use in sectors connected with point source risk
| Point Source Sector |
GVA 200123 |
Sub sector |
Value of use24 p/m3* |
Volume of use million25 m3/year |
Agriculture, Forestry
and Fishing |
£827m |
Agriculture |
23-138 irrigation benefits only |
56.5 |
| £207m (fishing) |
Aquaculture |
0.13 |
1,582 |
| Manufacturing |
£1018m |
Chemicals |
37.5 |
315.9 |
| £2271m |
Food & Drink |
12.5-21 |
260.2 |
| £1339m |
Paper & Pulp |
16 |
87.7 |
| Electricity, Gas and Water Supply |
£2021m electricity, Gas and Water Supply |
Electricity |
0.00-0.8226 |
Electricity generat'n cooling 3,783 |
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Sewage Disposal |
n/a |
Scottish Water 266 |
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£69623m |
Scotland |
|
n/a |
In terms of sewage the value of water use is not separately identified and includes abstraction and discharge, however, water use is the main defining characteristic of Scottish Water whose turnover in 2003/04 was in excess of £958 m from an estimated water supply of 876 million m3, some 90% of which will be subsequently discharged and treated.
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