Designated shellfish waters in Scotland

The Scottish Government issued a revised list of 78 coastal areas designated as ‘shellfish waters’ in July 2009. The revised list included some new sites and excluded some previously designated sites. The sites were designated under the European Community Shellfish Waters Directive (2006/113/EEC)1. These waters require protection to ensure the quality and productivity of shellfish, such as mussels and oysters, and must meet the minimum environmental quality standards as laid out in the directive.

In 2010 all of Scotland’s shellfish waters complied with the minimum environmental quality standards. However, member states must also work towards achieving guideline quality standards which are more stringent than the minimum standards. In 2010 about 69% of shellfish waters met the guideline standards.

Discharges of sewage effluent to designated shellfish waters require additional treatment to meet bacteriological standards to ensure that the quality of edible shellfish does not pose a threat to human health. The Food Standards Agency classification results for 2011/2012 show that around 49% of identified shellfish harvesting waters2 currently provide Class A products all year round. This is the highest quality standard; only shellfish harvested from Class A waters are permitted to go straight on to the market without the requirement for further cleaning or ‘depuration.’ A further 42% of harvesting waters provide Class A products for part of the year and Class B products for the remainder of the year. Class B products require some additional cleaning before they are allowed to be marketed.

In response to the requirements of the Shellfish Waters Directive SEPA has developed Pollution Reduction Plans for designated shellfish waters in Scotland. The plans are available on these pages and define a series of actions specific to each designated shellfish water, which will be undertaken to ensure protection and compliance with the Directive (please note that plans for the 78 designated sites currently include data up to the end of 2010, where as plans for the sites that were de-designated in 2009 only include data up to the end of 2007).

Additional information regarding the Shellfish Waters Directive can be found on our regulation webpage.

  1. The revised list resulted in a reduction in the total number of sites from 108 to 78, but also included 4 new sites. SEPA started to monitor these new sites in 2010.
  2. Shellfish harvesting areas are identified under the terms of the Shellfish Hygiene Directive (91/492/EEC), which is administered in Scotland by the Food Standards Agency. Harvesting areas often lie within the designated waters that are monitored by SEPA, but this is not always the case.